If you have been feeling
sorry for that lonely gold fish swimming around in a glass bowl in
your drawing room, and are planning to give it to a few friends and a
larger tank, think again. Goldfish bowls and freshwater aquariums are
passé. Marine aquariums are in. This is a salt water tank that houses
colourful marine life.According to Vicky Kapadia, who exports ornamental
marine and fresh water fish, and has been in the business since a
decade, marine aquariums are the new thing that people have started to
indulge in.“Earlier, the hobby of keeping fresh water aquarium at home
was at its peak, and now it is marine aquariums that people are veering
towards. They are definitely more pretty than regular fresh water
aquariums and also a little complex. So, while setting up the aquarium,
you may incur more expenditure than a regular fresh water one, but it is
a one time expense,“ he says adding that the expenditure later reduces,
owing to the recycling nature of the marine aquarium systems.
THE TANK
You
can choose between acrylic and glass. While acrylic tanks get scratched
easily , they are much lighter and don't break so often, unlike the
glass ones. Pre-drilled tanks are available with most retailers, and a
tank with an internal overflow is a big plus.Moreover, it is better to
choose
a tank that is wide and not too deep. Such a tank provides a better
depth of view for a more natural look, and allows better light
penetration. You can also reach the bottom easily . A second smaller
tank (sump) is placed under the aquarium to hold all the equipment out
of sight. The space also matters.A marine aquarium needs a minimum
capacity of 200 litres and maximum 250 litres.
PLACEMENT
While
choosing the place to keep the tank, avoid zones
that undergo substantial temperature fluctuations. The location
shouldn't be draughty or cold, shouldn't get direct sunlight and
shouldn't be near any electricalelectronic equipment that radiates heat.
Avoid windows or corners near the kitchen, fridge, TV or AC.
SETTING IT UP
Once
you have zeroed in on the right spot, it's time to set up the aquarium.
Marine salt, sand, artificial rocks, air pump double, corner filter,
protein skimmer, hydrometer, bio bacteria, trace elements, ceramic ring,
bio ball, power filter and a light source, along with wave-maker and
canister, are essential to
set up the aquarium. “When you are setting it up, it is good to have it
done by a professional. Later, as your interest develops, you can always
keep adding to the aquarium,“ says Kapadia about
people building the complex system on their own.
Lighting: The
aim is to keep the aquarium bright and colourful, while
maintaining the bluish tint of a marine environment.
The best option is a metal halide lamp with colour temperatures ranging
between 10,000 and 20,000 Kelvin. While 250 watt bulbs suit most
aquariums, the deeper ones need 400 watt lamps. One halide lamp for
every 2-3 feet of tank length is recommended. Fluorescent lighting, high
intensity ones can also be used.
Filters: A marine aquarium
requires the basic canister filter to clean chemical and physical
impurities in the water as well as a protein skimmer to remove organic
waste from the water using bubbles. On a smaller tank (less than 180
litre) weekly water changes can be used in place of a skimmer, but in
case of larger tanks, a protein skimmer is important. It is placed in
the sump or behind the tank. The skim
mers are often under-rated for the size of tank, so in
practice, a skimmer rated for a 100 gallon (378.5
litre) tank is not adequate for a 50
gallon tank. Needle wheel skimmers are the most popular. A skimmer
is cheaper than salt-water changes in the long
run. If the aquarium doesn't have any valuable fish, try putting
the skimmer and even the filter on a timer.
The water: Prepare
enough artificial seawater for
the volume needed. You need to mix 1 kg of salt to every 30 litre of
water. Use only a good aquarium sea salt brand
and water purified with a Reverse OsmosisDeIonisation (RODI)
filter. Fill the tank with RODI filtered water and then add the
salt.Use of tap water and distilled water is not recommended.
Adjusting the flow: Get a pump usable with saltwater to return the water
from your sump to the main tank.Additional power head pumps in the tank
or external pumps should be installed to provide vigorous turbulent
flow to otherwise stagnant areas. In case you have live corals then
consider using an aquarium chiller. The less your temperature varies
throughout the day the more stable your marine environment will be. Fill
the tank with tap water partially to test for leaks. Auto top-off kits
replenish the tank with fresh de-chlorinated water.
ADDING THE FISH
Once
you mix your salt water and fill your aquarium, turn on all your pumps
and let the water rest for a day . It takes a little time for your salt
to dissolve and your water chemistry to stabilise. “Once the setup is
over, wait for at least 21 days before you can release the fish in the
water. A 36 inch-by18 inch tank can house eight fish at the most. If
more fish are kept, then 10% of the water needs to be changed every
month and refilled with fresh 10% water. Bio-bacteria and trace elements
also need to be added to the water every month,“ says Pradip, owner of a
leading aquarium supplying chain. He adds that when it comes to the
aquarium envi ronment, there are
three basic options to choose from fish only , fish with live
rocks and with reef.
With over 140 species of
marine fishes and corals being banned, saltwater tank lovers
can
choose fish that include tangs, damsels, angels, clowns, lionfish,
butterfly fish.Lionfish should generally be kept alone and if other
species are kept they should be larger than the lionfish.
POCKET PINCH AND MAINTENANCE
Setting
up a marine aquarium can cost up to `18,000 for a 36“x18“x18“ tank.
Maintenance is low, as only water needs to be changed every 15 days. One
just needs keep a constant check on the aquarium. Dry food for the fish
is available in the market.
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